nixonland24
ABBREVIATIONS
BPP: Berrigan Brothers Papers, Cornell University Special Collections, Ithaca, New York
CDN: Chicago Daily News
CT: Chicago Tribune
LAT: Los Angeles Times
LBJCR: “Civil Rights During the Johnson Administration, 1963–1969: A collection from the holdings of the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library, Austin, Texas” (microfilm)
MIP: Files on the events of 1970 collected by Maurice Isserman, in possession of author
MTR: Museum of Television and Radio, New York City
NLT: Nixon Library Tapes transcribed by author, National Archives, College Park, Maryland
NYDN: New York Daily News
NYT: New York Times
NYTM: New York Times Magazine
PDP: Paul Douglas Papers, Chicago History Museum
PDP722: Douglas Papers, Part I, Box 722, 1966 folder
PPP: Public Papers of the Presidents
RNLB: Richard Nixon Library and Birthplace, Yorba Linda, California
USNWR: U.S. News & World Report
WP: Washington Post
WSJ: Wall Street Journal
CHAPTER TWENTY-FOUR: PURITY
500 Nixon and Billy Graham crusade: Garry Wills, “How Nixon Used the Media, Billy Graham, and the Good Lord to Rap with Students at Tennessee University,” Esquire, September 1970.
503 Spiro Agnew began the year: Jules Witcover, White Knight: The Rise of Spiro Agnew (New York: Random House, 1972).
504 “The liberal media have been”: John R. Coyne, ed., The Impudent Snobs: Agnew vs. the Intellectual Establishment (New Rochelle, NY: Arlington House, 1972), 284–96; Peter N. Carroll, It Seemed Like Nothing Happened: America in the 1970s (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1990), 7–8.
504 Agnew kitsch: Barry Goldwater, Conscience of a Majority (New York: Prentice Hall, 1970), 165; http://tinyurl.com/22oqa5.
504 In April he recalled: Coyne, ed., Impudent Snobs, 315–22.
505 He referred to “the score of students”: Coyne, ed., Impudent Snobs, 315–22.
505 “Spiro Knows Best”: Life, May 8, 1970.
505 He changed nothing: Witcover, White Knight, 335–40.
505 A week after the Kent State killings: “Kent State: Martyrdom That Shook the Country,” Time, May 18, 1970. “Vice President Spiro T. Agnew, at his unmuzzled”: Crosby S. Noyes column, Washington Star, June 6, 1970. Four hundred faculty members in Massachusetts: “Kent State: Martyrdom That Shook the Country.” “Lately, you have been exposed”: Coyne, ed., Impudent Snobs, 332–36.
506 The venom in the address: “Text of Agnew’s Speech Scoring Press,” NYT, May 23, 1970.
506 His claim about Reston: James Reston, “Never Complain, Never Explain, Never Apologize!” NYT, May 10, 1970.
506 Hubert Humphrey said of his successor: Goldwater, Conscience of a Majority, 58. John Ehrlichman responded: Ibid.
506 “I do not go along”: Allen J. Matusow, Nixon’s Economy: Booms, Busts, Dollars, and Votes (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1998), 63; PPP 10, January 27, 1969.
507 “inflation alerts”: Richard Reeves, President Nixon: Alone in the White House (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001), 265; PPP 192, June 17, 1970.
507 And that, in a society: Hunter S. Thompson, Fear and Loathing on the Campaign Trail ’72 (New York: Popular Library, 1973), 39–40, 48; Frederick G. Dutton, Changing Sources of Power: American Politics in the 1970s (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1971), 15–16, passim; Republican National Committee, “The 1964 Elections,” October 1965 (in author’s possession, courtesy of Phil Klinkner).
507 an idea floating around in liberal circles: Thomas J. Noer, Soapy: A Biography of G. Mennen Williams (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2005), 137; “Governor Favors Voting Age of 18,” NYT, March 3, 1966. General Eisenhower had come out: Eisenhower interview, Saturday Review, September 9, 1966. In 1968 Time underwrote: Letters from editor, Time, December 15, 1967, May 10, 1968. That June, LBJ suggested: Attorney general to Speaker of the House, June 28, 1966, LBJCR, Reel 9.
507 Kennedy and Mansfield decided to force: Reeves, President Nixon, 225; NYT, May 11, June 5, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 1970.
508 And Al Capp tried: “Cappital Punishment,” Esquire, November 1970.
508 11 million newly eligible voters: Week in Review, NYT, June 21, 1970. “We got more cats”: Wild in the Streets (American International Pictures, 1968).
508 “The increased share of the eligible”: Dutton, Changing Sources of Power, 15–16, passim. Martin Peretz: Ibid., 61. Dutton also quoted R. D. Laing: “The texture of the fabric of these socially shared hallucinations is what we call reality, and our collusive madness is what we call sanity.”
508 He said he favored: Reeves, President Nixon, 232.
509 Signing statement: PPP 196, June 22, 1970.
509 Democratic reform process: Byron E. Shafer, Quiet Revolution: The Struggle for the Democratic Party and the Shaping of Post-Reform Politics (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1983), passim; James I. Lengle, “Democratic Party Reforms: The Past as Prologue to the 1988 Campaign,” Journal of Law and Politics 4 (Fall 1987): 233–73; Andrew Busch, Outsiders and Openness in the Presidential Nominating System (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1997), 34–39; David Plotke, “Party Reform as Failed Democratic Renewal in the United States, 1968–1972,” Studies in American Political Development 10 (Fall 1996): 223–88.
510 “Do you know what it’s like”: Mark Stricherz, Why the Democrats Are Blue: Secular Liberalism and the Decline of the People’s Party (New York: Encounter Books, 2007), 88.
513 “Do not turn away from”: Michael Barone, Our Country: The Shaping of America from Roosevelt to Reagan (New York: Free Press, 1990), 429.
513 Debate over guidelines A-1 and A-2: Theodore H. White, Making of the President 1972 (New York: Atheneum, 1973), 18–26, 38, 374.
514 The New York Times gave the release: “Democrats Press for Party Reform,” NYT, April 30, 1970, 1.
514 “We aren’t going to let these Harvard”: White, Making of the President 1972, 38.
514 Garry Wills, in his Esquire: “How Nixon Used the Media, Billy Graham, and the Good Lord to Rap with Students at Tennessee University,” Esquire, September 1970.
514 One letter came from a twenty-three-year-old marine: “A Marine Writes His Senator,” WP, July 8, 1970. Cranston getting eight thousand letters: Jane Fonda, My Life So Far (New York: Random House, 2005), 246.
514 In July, Life published photographs: Life, July 17, 1970; Mary Hershberger, Jane Fonda’s War: A Political Biography of an Antiwar Icon (New York: New Press, 2005), 139–44; Carol Burke, Camp All-America, Hanoi Jane, and the High and Tight: Gender, Folklore, and Changing Military Culture (Boston: Beacon Press, 2004), 166–67; Don Luce, “We’ve Been Here Before: The Tiger Cages of Vietnam,” April 4, 2005, History News Network, http://hnn.us/articles/11001.html; Don Luce interview.
515 “grotesque sculptures of scarred flesh”: “The Other Prisoners,” Time, March 19, 1973.
515 Failed antiwar candidacies and voting-age referendum: Washington Star, June 8, 1970. Michigan survey on young voters and Wallace: Reg Murphy and Hal Gulliver, The Southern Strategy (New York: Scribner, 1971), 105.
515 Delegates would now have to be: Shafer, Quiet Revolution, 29.
515 “Philadelphia Plan”: Thomas J. Sugrue, “Affirmative Action from Below: Civil Rights, the Building Trades, and the Politics of Racial Equality in the Urban North, 1945–1969,” Journal of American History 1 (June 2004): 145–73.
515 Electoral college reform: Alexander Keyssar, “Peculiar Institution,” Boston Globe, October 17, 2004.
516 “Our ability to change this system”: PPP 289, September 11, 1970.
516 “If Nixon don’t give us back”: Reeves, President Nixon, 229.
516 U.S. News & World Report noted: USNWR, June 22, 1970.
516 The advisory council worked in secret: Jonathan Schell, The Time of Illusion (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1975), 103, 190. See also Reeves, President Nixon, 230. Vetting by Huston: Schell, Time of Illusion, 117.
517 Environmental Protection Agency: Reeves, President Nixon, 238.
517 Jane Fonda surveillance and harassment: Hershberger, Jane Fonda’s War, 50–74. White Panthers: Jeff A. Hale, “The White Panthers’ ‘Total Assault on the Culture,’” in Peter Braunstein and Michael William Doyle, eds., Imagine Nation: The American Counterculture of the 1960s and ’70s (New York: Routledge, 2001), 124–56.
518 “We are now confronted”: Reeves, President Nixon, 229.
518 Huston prepared a forty-three-page outline: Ibid., 235–36; Stanley Kutler, The Wars of Watergate: The Last Crisis of Richard Nixon (New York: W. W. Norton, 1992), 97; Schell, Time of Illusion, 114.
518 “He would prefer that the thing”: Reeves, President Nixon, 236.
518 Another unusual function: Ibid., 153, 231, 244–45.
519 A team formed to carry: Ibid., 258.
519 “rather weak handshake”: Dean, Blind Ambition, 20. On the twenty-third Nixon met: Ibid., 258; Anthony Lukas, Nightmare: The Underside of the Nixon Years (New York: Viking, 1976), 79. The next day Nixon raged to Haldeman: Reeves, President Nixon, 237; Jefferson Cowie, “Nixon’s Class Struggle: Romancing the New-Right Worker, 1969–1973,” Labor History 43 (Summer 2002): 257–83. The next day Nixon savaged: Schell, Time of Illusion, 108; Lyle Johnston, “Good Night, Chet”: A Biography of Chet Huntley (Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 2003), 110.
519 Jane Fonda saw it in a jailhouse: Fonda, My Life So Far, 261.
519 In Joe, Peter Boyle: “Joe, an East Village Tale, Arrives,” NYT, July 16, 1970.
520 The filmmakers’ thesis resembled: Philip Slater, The Pursuit of Loneliness: American Culture at the Breaking Point (Boston: Beacon Press, 1970).
520 In real life, Peter Boyle: “A Bigot Named Joe,” Life, October 16, 1970.
520 Congresswoman Patsy Mink called: Statement of Judith Resnik, Judiciary Committee hearings, John G. Roberts Supreme Court appointment, September 9, 2005, http://judiciary.senate.gov/testimony.cfm?id=1611&wit_id=4630; Murphy and Gulliver, Southern Strategy, 135. Five thousand demonstrated in New York: Debra Michals, “From ‘Consciousness Expansion’ to ‘Consciousness Raising’: Feminism and the Countercultural Politics of the Self,” Braunstein and Doyle, eds., Imagine Nation, 59. Two hundred feminists took over the offices: Ibid.; Ladies’ Home Journal, August 1970. Time put leader Kate Millett: “Who’s Come a Long Way, Baby?” Time, August 31, 1970.
520 “I became a feminist”: Sally Kempton, “Cutting Loose: A private view of the women’s uprising,” Esquire, July 1970.
521 The lead letter in response: Letters, Time, September 14, 1970. The Women’s Board of the West Virginia GOP: Fleshman to Margaret Chase Smith, June 2, 1970, “Second Declaration of Conscience” file, Margaret Chase Smith Library, Skowhegan, Maine.
521 Jane Fonda arrived at the set: Fonda, My Life So Far, 254. Wrote William F. Buckley: Ibid., 234.
521 “Soledad Brothers” raid: Charles R. Ashman, The People vs. Angela Davis: The Trial of the Century (New York: Pinnacle, 1972); Herbert’s Hippopotamus (dir. Paul Alexander Juutilainen, 1996); Carroll, It Seemed Like Nothing Happened, 52; “Angela Davis, Black Revolutionary,” Newsweek, October 26, 1970; Channel 45 six o’clock news, August 24, 1970, http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/ssmith/davisbio.html. Sixteen most wanted list: Hale, “The White Panthers’ ‘Total Assault on the Culture.’” Philadelphia police raided Black Panther: Jefferson Decker, “Frank Rizzo, Richard Nixon, and Law-and-Order” (master’s thesis, Department of History, Columbia University, 2003).
521 Chatting with the press in Denver: PPP 245, August 3, 1970; Schell, Time of Illusion, 121.
522 The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine: “Pirates in the Sky,” Time, September 21, 1970. In Madison, radicals bombed: Tom Bates, Rads: The 1970 Bombing of the Army Math Research Center at the University of Wisconsin and Its Aftermath (New York: Harper Perennial, 1992). In November, on the other side: “Bomb Damages Russian Offices Here,” NYT, November 26, 1970; “Superjew,” Esquire, August 1970.
522 Harris reported that 76 percent: Godfrey Hodgson, America in Our Time: From World War II to Nixon—What Happened and Why (New York: Doubleday, 1976), 364. The New York Times revealed: Dutton, Changing Sources of Power, 42. The University of Tennessee’s new president: Wills, “How Nixon Used the Media.”
522 On September 1 Senator McGovern: Gordon L. Weil, The Long Shot: George McGovern Runs for President (New York: W. W. Norton, 1973), 13–16.
523 “What these young radicals need”: Scranton files, Series 12, Box 58, MIP.