nixonland6
ABBREVIATIONS
BPP: Berrigan Brothers Papers, Cornell University Special Collections, Ithaca, New York
CDN: Chicago Daily News
CT: Chicago Tribune
LAT: Los Angeles Times
LBJCR: “Civil Rights During the Johnson Administration, 1963–1969: A collection from the holdings of the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library, Austin, Texas” (microfilm)
MIP: Files on the events of 1970 collected by Maurice Isserman, in possession of author
MTR: Museum of Television and Radio, New York City
NLT: Nixon Library Tapes transcribed by author, National Archives, College Park, Maryland
NYDN: New York Daily News
NYT: New York Times
NYTM: New York Times Magazine
PDP: Paul Douglas Papers, Chicago History Museum
PDP722: Douglas Papers, Part I, Box 722, 1966 folder
PPP: Public Papers of the Presidents
RNLB: Richard Nixon Library and Birthplace, Yorba Linda, California
USNWR: U.S. News & World Report
WP: Washington Post
WSJ: Wall Street Journal
128 “I have no staff”: “Nixon Presses Victory Theme at GOP Dinner,” LAT, September 17, 1966&edition=&startpage=2&desc=Nixon+Presses+Victory+Theme+at+GOP+Dinner). this was, Evans and Novak reported: “Special Report: Nixon’s Presidential Campaign,” WP, August 9, 1966.
128 Over the previous weeks: “Nixon Advocates Use of More GI’s,” NYT, August 8, 1966; Andrew L. Johns, “A Voice from the Wilderness: Richard Nixon and the Vietnam War, 1964–1966,” Presidential Studies Quarterly 29 (1999). He said that “for the first”: “Nixon, in Saigon, Bids U.S. Bare Goals,” NYT, August 6, 1966; Johns, “Voice From the Wilderness”; Jules Witcover, The Resurrection of Richard Nixon (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1970, 155; Stephen Ambrose, Nixon, Vol. 2: The Triumph of a Politician, 1962–1972 (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989), 85; “Nixon Urges GOP Support War Aims,” LAT, August 7, 1966.&edition=&startpage=D3&desc=Nixon+Urges+GOP+Support+of+War+Aims)
128 According to “some American leaders”: “Nixon Advocates Use of More GI’s.” “I don’t believe the Communist”: “Nixon Says Vietnam Could End in Two Years,” NYT, August 12, 1966. “Now that we have hit”: “Nixon Advocates More GI’s.”
129 The New York Times welcomed: “Vietnam and the Elections,” NYT, August 14, 1966.
129 An unnamed senator: David Broder and Stephen Hess, The Republican Establishment: The Present and Future of the GOP (New York: Harper & Row, 1967), . “running through Asia like wildfire”: Mary McGrory in America magazine, September 17, 1966; National Review, September 20, 1966.
130 Shoreham Hotel meeting: “GOP Leaders in Congress Back All-Asian Talk,” NYT, August 26, 1966; “GOP Liberals Fear Rightists Will Control 1968 Convention,” NYT, August 31, 1966; “Inside Report: Nixon’s Shoreham Meeting,” WP, September 7, 1966; Witcover, Resurrection of Richard Nixon, 154–55; interview with Lee Edwards. Buchanan loved Nixon, whom: Pat Buchanan, Right from the Beginning (Boston: Little, Brown, 1988), 4.
130 “If Barry showed that”: Garry Wills, Reagan’s America: Innocents at Home (New York: Doubleday, 1987), 290. “the Birchers could be handled”: E. J. Dionne, Why Americans Hate Politics (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1991), 191; “Inside Report: Fifty Bucks from Buckley,” WP, October 15, 1965; National Review, March 8, 1966.
130 Americans for Constitutional Action: USNWR, September 12, 1966. Goldwater Republicans won primary: USNWR, August 22, 1966.
130 Arkansas gubernatorial primary: USNWR, August 8, 1966; Reporter, October 20, 1966. Maryland gubernatorial primary: USNWR, September 26, 1966; “Repudiation of Mahoney Urged by a Key Maryland Democrat,” NYT, September 17, 1966; Alan Draper, “Labor and the 1966 Elections,” Labor History 30 (1989): 76–92; Jules Witcover, White Knight: The Rise of Spiro Agnew (New York: Random House, 1972), 116–49. Georgia gubernatorial primary: Bradley R. Rice, “The 1966 Gubernatorial Elections in Georgia” (Ph.D. diss., University of Southern Mississippi, 1982); Randy Sangers, “The Sad Duty of Politics: Jimmy Carter and the Issue of Race in His 1970 Gubernatorial Campaign,” Georgia Historical Quarterly 76 (1992).
131 Maddox’s path was smoothed: USNWR, September 25, 1966; “Allen of Atlanta Collides with Black Power and White Racism,” NYTM, October 16, 1966; New Republic, October 22, 1966; “Expert on Extremism Exasperates Extremes,” WP, October 17, 1966. In Baton Rouge, a twleve-term: “Critic of Johnson Wins in Louisiana,” NYT, September 25, 1966. In the Senate, Everett Dirksen: “Amendment on School Prayer Falls,” WP, September 22, 1966. The Supreme Court upheld a landmark: “‘Witch Hunt’ Feared on Obscenity Issue,” NYT, October 12, 1966.
131 “I would say the overall”: USNWR, September 16, 1966.
131 Seventy-five percent of the delegates: “GOP Liberals Fear Rightists Will Control 1968 Convention,” NYT, August 31, 1966. Many were already talking about drafting: Broder and Hess, Republican Establishment, 276, quoting Lee Edwards in Human Events.
132 “Take any political situation”:Garry Wills, Nixon Agonistes: The Crisis of the Self-Made Man (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1970), 11. “One senses that he knows”: Richard Reeves, President Nixon: Alone in the White House (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001), 375. He “said he felt his life”: Leonard Garment, Crazy Rhythm: From Brooklyn and Jazz to Nixon’s White House, Watergate, and Beyond (New York: Crown, 1997), 85.
132 Forty years later, one of the YAFers: Lee Edwards interview.
132 Woodrow Wilson was the only: Reeves, President Nixon, 26. A participant leaked: Witcover, Resurrection of Richard Nixon, 155.
133 “far greater than those incurred”: “GOP Liberals Fear Rightists Will Control 1968 Convention.” The Times reported in their dispatch: “GOP Leaders in Congress Back All-Asian Talk.”
133 HEW guidelines background: Allen J. Matusow, The Unraveling of America; A History of Liberalism in the 1960s (New York: HarperCollins, 1984), 188–91; and the following documents in LBJCR, Reel 8: United States Commission on Civil Rights, “Title VI . . . One Year Later”; Keppel, “Education and the Civil Rights Act”; Howe to Cater, January 19, 1966; Libassi to Cater, January 21, 1966; and Cater to Watson, February 22, 1966.
133 In real life, when a black family: McPherson to LBJ, May 12, 1966, LBJCR, Reel 12.
134 Eighteen of them signed a letter: May 2, 1966, LBJCR, Reel 8. George Wallace’s first political act: Stephen Lesher, George Wallace: American Populist (New York: Addison-Wesley, 1994), 366. His school superintendent observed: A. R. Meadows to H. D. Nelson, May 24 and 26, 1966, LBJCR, Reel 6; http://www.legislature.state.al.us/code
ofalabama/constitution/1901/CA-245806.htm.
134 On July 18, 1966: Libassi to Califano, July 18, 1966, LBJCR, Reel 8. “Undoubtedly we are going to curse”: McPherson to Cater, July 22, 1966, LBJCR, Reel 8. “Please wake up!”: January 2, 1965, Atlanta Journal, quoted in Rice, “1966 Gubernatorial Elections in Georgia.”
134 On August 9: Congressional Record 112, pt. 13 (July 21, 1966), 18,701. Whitener had earlier: Ibid., 17,841. “Nothing in this title”: Ibid., 18,717–18.
134 One of them was Clark MacGregor: United States Congress, Civil Rights, 1966: Hearings Before Subcommittee No. 5, Eighty-ninth Congress, Second Session (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1966), 1245. “The mayor had never experienced”: “Inside Report: Risk on Plymouth Street,” WP, August 19, 1966.
135 “If this amendment is defeated”: Congressional Record 112, pt. 13 (July 21, 1966).
135 A September 9 column: “Inside Report: Education Bombshell,” WP, September 9, 1966. What it referred to: See, for example, Cater to Gardner, cc Howe, May 21, 1966; Cater to McPherson, August 5, 1966, LBJCR, Reel 8; USNWR, September 5, 1966.
135 “world of wall-to-wall carpeting”: USNWR, October 10, 1966. “Mr. Speaker,” South Carolina’s: “Howe Attacked in House on Integration of Schools,” NYT, October 1, 1966; Nation, October 7, 1966.
136 On Wednesday, September 21: “Southern Governors Unit Scores School Guidelines Enforcement,” NYT, September 22, 1966. on Thursday: Matusow, Unraveling of America, 191. on Monday: Congressional Record 112, pt. 18, 23, 835–48. on Tuesday: “Racial Violence Breaks Out Again in San Francisco,” NYT, September 29, 1996; Bill Boyarsky, The Rise of Ronald Reagan (New York: Random House, 1968), 127. and on Wednesday: Dan T. Carter, The Politics of Rage: George Wallace, the Origin of the New Conservatism, and the Transformation of American Politics (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1996), 306. And on Thursday, the Senate: Congressional Record 112, pt. 18, 23,913; “Senate Restricts Rights Guideline; Would Allow Segregation of Patients in Certain Cases,” NYT, September 28, 1966. Explained Majority Leader: “Mansfield Asks Slowdown on School Desegregation,” NYT, September 29, 1966. Indeed, in May, 32 percent: USNWR, October 10, 1966. Crowed Senator James Eastland: Carter, Politics of Rage, 307. See also Reporter magazine, October 20, 1966.
136 The House took up debate: “House Takes Up School Aid Bill,” NYT, October 7, 1966.
136 John Brademas, a liberal Democrat: Congressional Record 112, pt. 19, 25,538. “They have auditors crawling”: Ibid., 25,576. In an October 6 press conference: “Johnson Concedes Errors on Rights,” NYT, October 7, 1966; PPP 501, October 6, 1966. “We accept tokenism”: “Mansfield Asks Slowdown on School Desegregation.”
137 It seems HEW is determined: Elizabeth Kulcyzk to Douglas, September 30, 1966, PDP722.
137 He was lying: September 11, 1966, Gallup poll in LBJCR, Reel 3.
137 “Bobst thought it was”: Garment, Crazy Rhythm, 86.
138 “If Johnson wants to”: “Nixon on Nixon and Other Issues,” NYT, September 4, 1966.
138 Pundits spoke of a “Kennedy wing”: “LBJ Still Haunted After 1,000 Days,” WP, Outlook section, September 18, 1966. “If Lyndon thinks he’s”: “Nixon on Nixon and Other Issues.” “I don’t know what it means”: “Nixon on the Stump—an Old Timer at 53,” NYT, Week in Review, October 2, 1966.
139 Lyndon “barks and it barks”: Stanley Kutler, The Wars of Watergate: The Last Crisis of Richard Nixon (New York: W. W. Norton, 1992), 58.
139 That was the sore Nixon: Witcover, Resurrection of Richard Nixon, 156.
139 Since spring, his economists: Matusow, Unraveling of America, 156–60; PPP 155, March 31, 1966; Richmond News Leader, May 20, 1966, quoting Michael Janeway; LAT, March 17, 1966, 1; “Vietnam: The Home Front,” April 1, 1966, NBC broadcast, MTR , T81:0844; “Why All This Inflation,” Reader’s Digest, July 1966; “The Risk of Runaway Inflation,” Reader’s Digest, August 1966; “White House Sees Steel Price Rises as Inflationary,” NYT, August 5, 1966; “Washington Whispers,” USNWR, August 8, 1966.
140 In the middle of August: Matusow, Unraveling of America, 156. A twenty-eight-year-old Phoenix mother: Nation, October 10, 1966.
140 Fulbright “arrogance of power” speech: “The Power Akin to Freedom,” Time, April 29, 1966; James William Fulbright, The Arrogance of Power (New York: Random House, 1967). The junior senator from New York: Jeff Shesol, Mutual Contempt: Robert Kennedy, Lyndon Johnson, and the Feud That Defined a Decade (New York: W. W. Norton, 1998), 299.