nixonland8
ABBREVIATIONS
BPP: Berrigan Brothers Papers, Cornell University Special Collections, Ithaca, New York
CDN: Chicago Daily News
CT: Chicago Tribune
LAT: Los Angeles Times
LBJCR: “Civil Rights During the Johnson Administration, 1963–1969: A collection from the holdings of the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library, Austin, Texas” (microfilm)
MIP: Files on the events of 1970 collected by Maurice Isserman, in possession of author
MTR: Museum of Television and Radio, New York City
NLT: Nixon Library Tapes transcribed by author, National Archives, College Park, Maryland
NYDN: New York Daily News
NYT: New York Times
NYTM: New York Times Magazine
PDP: Paul Douglas Papers, Chicago History Museum
PDP722: Douglas Papers, Part I, Box 722, 1966 folder
PPP: Public Papers of the Presidents
RNLB: Richard Nixon Library and Birthplace, Yorba Linda, California
USNWR: U.S. News & World Report
WP: Washington Post
WSJ: Wall Street Journal
CHAPTER EIGHT: THE BOMBING
169 Harrison Salisbury reports on Vietnam bombing: Robert Dallek, Flawed Giant: Lyndon Johnson and His Times, 1961–1973 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999), 449; Tom Wells, The War Within: America’s Battle over Vietnam (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994), 114; “Flak from Hanoi,” Time, January 6, 1967.
169 “Look at that aircraft carrier”: A. J. Langguth, Our Vietnam: The War, 1954–1975 (New York: Touchstone, 2000), 162. “Some of our boys are floating”: Ibid., 303. Westmoreland on number of enemy fighters: Christian Appy, Working-Class War: American Combat Soldiers and Vietnam (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1993), 165. McNamara and doctored maps: Langguth, Our Vietnam, 173–74. Lippmann and Bundy: Ibid., 354.
170 “That proves what I’m saying!”: Daniel Ellsberg, Secrets: A Memoir of Vietnam and the Pentagon Papers (New York: Viking, 2002), 141.
170 Student leaders meeting with Rusk: Wells, War Within, 118–19.
171 Bobby Kennedy criticized by Nixon: Jules Witcover, The Resurrection of Richard Nixon (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1970), 158.
171 Time was the place to go each week: “The Inheritor,” Time, January 6, 1967. Bob Hope quotations: Bob Hope: The Vietnam Years, 1964–1966, vol. 1 (R2 Entertainment, 2004).
171 Religious leaders, General Eisenhower, Hickenlooper, Mendel Rivers, Sam Ervin: “Flak from Hanoi.” ) “massive propaganda campaign”: USNWR, January 9, 1967. Pulitzer Prize: Langguth, Our Vietnam, 437.
172 State of the Union: PPP 3, January 10, 1967. Vietnam and budget: Stephen C. Shadegg, Winning’s a Lot More Fun (New York: Macmillan, 1969), 83; Maurice Isserman and Michael Kazin, America Divided: The Civil War of the 1960s (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999), 189.
172 When his closest aide, Bill Moyers: Shadegg, Winning’s a Lot More Fun, 60. Bobby Baker: “Dead Men Tell No Tales,” Time, January 27, 1967. William Manchester: “Battle of a Book,” Time, December 23, 1966; “Chapter II—or Finis?” Time, December 30, 1966; “Spreading Controversy,” Time, January 6, 1967; “Start the Presses,” Time, January 20, 1967; “The Manchester Book,” Time, April 7, 1967. Schlesinger and “unconscious argument”: Letter to the editor, New York Review of Books, April 20, 1967. “Until Robert Kennedy has made”: USNWR, November 14, 1966.
172 “kind of backing the Stokely Carmichaels”: Michael Flamm, Law and Order: Street Crime, Civil Unrest, and the Crisis of Liberalism in the 1960s (New York: Columbia University Press, 2005), 211. On the twenty-seventh, astronauts Gus Grissom: Shadegg, Winning’s a Lot More Fun, 79. “I’m not leaving because of Lyndon Johnson”: “Farewell to Washington,” Time, January 6, 1967.
172 On February 8, Lyndon Johnson appealed directly: Department of State Bulletin 56, no. 1450 (April 10, 1967), 595–97. “I’ll destroy you and every one”: Dallek, Flawed Giant, 447.
173 Romney and Harris poll: D. Duane Angel, Romney: A Political Biography (New York: Exposition Press, 1967), 221.
173 “nothing but a political banner”: T. George Harris, Romney’s Way: A Man and an Idea (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1968), 19. “silvering Presidential hair”: Witcover, Resurrection of Richard Nixon, 179. A new book of personal reminiscences: Paul B. Fay Jr., The Pleasure of His Company (New York: Harper & Row, 1966), 259. In May of 1966: Week in Review, NYT, May 29, 1966.
173 “It is clear,” Scotty Reston: NYT, June 12, 1966.
173 Nelson Rockefeller financed it: Witcover, Resurrection of Richard Nixon, 179–80. An exploratory campaign office: “Hypothesis Unbound,” Time, February 3, 1967. Six-state tour: Ibid., 182, 186–89.
174 Nixon let a reporter ride along: Witcover, Resurrection of Richard Nixon, 174. St. Louis Globe-Democrat: Ibid., 178; Andrew L. Johns, “A Voice from the Wilderness: Richard Nixon and the Vietnam War, 1964–1966,” Presidential Studies Quarterly 29 (1999).
174 “I have heard a number of very favorable”: Nixon to Reagan, November 28, 1966, RNLB, PPS 501.1.17. Meeting with conservative leaders: Interview with Lee Edwards. Then Nixon had Buckley: E. J. Dionne, Why Americans Hate Politics (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1991), 191.
175 Hiring John Mitchell: Witcover, Resurrection of Richard Nixon, 178; William Safire, Before the Fall: An Inside View of the Pre-Watergate White House (New York: Ballantine, 1977), 263–71.
175 New Orleans RNC meeting: “Hypothesis Unbound”; Shadegg, Winning’s a Lot More Fun, 67–69; Witcover, Resurrection of Richard Nixon, 182–84.
175 Gaylord Parkinson: Shadegg, Winning’s a Lot More Fun, 70–72; Witcover, Resurrection of Richard Nixon, 184–85, 192. The revelation that Parkinson was on Reagan’s payroll in 1966 is in Joseph Lewis, What Makes Reagan Run?: A Political Profile (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1968), 113.
176 Waldorf meeting: Safire, Before the Fall, 42–44.
176 In the middle of February Nixon denied: “In Business,” Time, February 24, 1967. “I have made no decision”: “On the Rim,” Time, March 24, 1967.
176 Julie’s debut: Stephen Ambrose, Nixon, Vol. 2: The Triumph of a Politician, 1962–1972 (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989), 191.
176 McNamara at Harvard: Wells, War Within, 101. Sunset Strip riot: Renata Adler, Toward a Radical Middle: Fourteen Pieces of Reporting and Criticism (New York: Random House, 1969), 39–59. Berkeley strike: USNWR, December 12, 1966.
177 Human Be-In: Peter Braunstein and Michael William Doyle, eds., Imagine Nation: The American Counterculture of the 1960s and ’70s (New York: Routledge, 2001), 250.
177 Man of the Year issue: “The Inheritor,” Time, January 6, 1967(http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,843150,00.html)]. “Here Comes the Now Generation”: Reader’s Digest, April 1967. “most American youngsters”: [“On Being an American Parent,” Time, December 15, 1967.
177 “In the sixth decade”: Edward Quinn and Paul J. Doyle, eds., The Sense of the Sixties (New York: Free Press, 1968).
178 “The outcry of a generation is finally”: Letters, Time, January 20, 1967.
178 “To warn the ‘civilized world’”: Sidney Peck, Uncovering the Sixties: The Life and Times of the Underground Press (New York: Pantheon, 1985), 45–46. Arnold Toynbee said hippies: “Tourist with a Long View,” Time, October 20, 1967. Time cover story: “The Hippies,” July 7, 1967. “I fail to see much real altruism”: Letters, Time, January 20, 1967.
179 In January of 1966, the names: “477,000 Students Listed as Favoring Policy on Vietnam,” NYT, January 7, 1967, 1. “Affirmation: Vietnam” rally: Atlanta Journal Constitution, February 12, 1966. “The Ballad of the Green Berets”: “Vietnam: The Home Front,” April 1, 1966, NBC broadcast, MTR, T81:0844. “Moral Re-Armament” movement and “Up with People”: Reader’s Digest, May 1967.
180 Vietnam deaths: “Gathering Intensity,” Time, March 31, 1967.
180 Carrying Quotations from Chairman Mao: “The Follies That Come with Spring,” Time, March 24, 1967. In February, Catholic pacifist David Miller: Wells, War Within, 57. The “Resistance” and SDS: Ibid., 124.
180 “I want to show you it’s against my will”: “The Show Goes On,” Time, April 14, 1967. “Many of our fellows on the campuses”: Wells, War Within, 126.
180 “I expected to see a bunch”: Thomas Maier, Dr. Spock: An American Life (New York: Basic Books, 2003), 249. Martha’s Vineyard, Aspen, clergymen: Wells, War Within, 106, 108, 119; Lewis Chester, Bruce Page, and Godfrey Hodgson, American Melodrama: The Presidential Campaign of 1968 (New York: Viking, 1969), 84; Paul Hendrickson, The Living and the Dead: Robert McNamara and Five Lives of a Lost War (New York: Vintage, 1997). Senator Eugene McCarthy: Wells, War Within, 121. MOTHERS SAY STOP THE WAR: Ibid., 123. Establishment insiders, former war supporters: Ibid., 135.
181 Repression against antiwar activists: Nation, August 22, 1966.
181 Martin Luther King and Dr. Spock: Maier, Dr. Spock, 117, 272, 280.
181 A teenager shouted, “Traitor!”: Ibid., 290. +spock&ei=6CsmSIwCsPSiwG-1pDHDQ&sig=Ix-5xrjlzS-xn3qtujbLH-YTkI#PPA290,M1)
182 Spring Mobilization Against the War march: Ibid., 280–82; Wells, War Within, 129–35; interview with Dr. Jay Larkey; “The Dilemma of Dissent,” Time, April 21, 1967; Vincent J. Cannato, The Ungovernable City: John Lindsay and the Battle to Save New York (New York: Basic Books, 2003), 147; WP, April 16, 1967.
182 The White House’s response: Maier, Dr. Spock, 275. “America needs to tell the world”: “The Dilemma of Dissent,” Time, April 21, 1967. Dean Rusk went on Meet the Press: Maier, Dr. Spock, 290.
182 In May, the Veterans of Foreign Wars: Wells, War Within, 144. “Support Our Boys in Vietnam” parade: Ibid.; CT, May 13, 1967; Cannato, Ungovernable City, 147.
183 Vietnam War public opinion: Dallek, Flawed Giant, 452; Wells, War Within, 123. “Our government has not permitted”: Francis Vivian Drake, “Let’s Fight to Win in Vietnam,” Reader’s Digest, May 1967. Letter to Ladies’ Home Journal: Wells, War Within, 84. “It makes you think”: WP, April 16, 1967.
183 “Marine Dies Believing Viet War Is Right”: CT, May 13, 1967&edition=&startpage=6&desc=MARINE+DIES+BELIEVING+VIET+WAR+IS+RIGHT). Time featured a study: “The Perils of Crowd Counting,” Time, April 7, 1967. “I would drag some of these professors”: “Wallace Hints He Would Have Woman for VP,” CT, May 15, 1967&edition=&startpage=5&desc=WALLACE+HINTS+HE+WOULD+HAVE+WOMAN+FOR+V.P.). Vietnam Summer: Wells, War Within, 138. The Chicago Trib responded: CT, May 9, 1967&edition=&startpage=20&desc=FROM+NONVIOLENCE+TO+VIOLENCE).
183 Kerr, Reagan, and FBI: http://www.sfgate.com/news/special/pages/2002/campus-files/. Reagan tax increase: “In the Black, with Crust,” Time, March 17, 1967. He would tell young people harassing him: Charles Taylor, “The Gipper’s Dark Side,” Salon.com, June 8, 2004. To him, a hippie was someone: Braunstein and Doyle, eds., Imagine Nation, 6.